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Genome Biology And Evolution: After Dinosaurs, Mammals Rise But Their Genomes Get Smaller
Evidence buried in the chromosomes of animals and plants strongly suggests only one group -- mammals -- have seen their genomes shrink after the dinosaurs" extinction. What"s more, that trend continues today, say Indiana University Bloomington scientists in the first issue of a new journal, Genome Biology and Evolution.
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DNA Template Could Explain Evolutionary Shifts
Rearrangements of all sizes in genomes, genes and exons can result from a glitch in DNA copying that occurs when the process stalls at a critical point and then shifts to a different genetic template, duplicating and even triplicating genes or just shuffling or deleting part of the code within them, said researchers from Baylor College of Medicine in a recent report in the journal Nature Genetics. The report further elucidated the effect of the fork stalling and template switching mechanism involved in some forms of copy number variation.
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Fragility Fractures And Osteoporosis
Low energy fractures of the proximal humerus indicate osteoporosis and it is important to direct treatment in order to prevent further fractures. Therefore, in this study the authors collected data from 79 patients with fractures of the proximal humerus in order to determine if current guidelines on measurement of bone mineral density at the hip and lumbar spine were adequate to stratify the risk and to guide the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Alzheimer's Patients Fight For Quicker Medicare Coverage

NPR reports on the struggle of Alzheimer"s patients who don"t have health insurance trying to find ways to pay for their care and lobby for greater protections for themselves. "Alzheimer"s is thought of as a disease of the elderly. But there are also people - maybe a couple hundred thousand or more - who have Alzheimer"s in their 40s and 50s. People like Teresa Lambert, who is 54. Lambert has come to Washington to tell members of Congress how hard it is for people with early onset Alzheimer"s to get health insurance; one-third of them have no health insurance at all." Lambert previously managed a chain of jewelry stores, but then "she started having trouble making sense of the revenue spreadsheets. She was in her late 40s - she can"t remember the exact year - when she had to quit her job." Lambert is among those who are ill and too young to qualify for Medicare but who are asking to be covered by the program right away to help defray expenses and cover themselves: "Medicare was created for the elderly. Then Congress opened it up to younger people who are disabled or sick - that includes people with early onset Alzheimer"s, in addition to people with multiple sclerosis, Parkinson"s disease, severe heart conditions, psychiatric illnesses and other health problems. But younger people have to wait two years or more to get Medicare coverage. ò€¦ Congress created the two-year waiting period to make sure only people who are really sick and really can"t work get coverage. Right now, only those with Lou Gehrig"s disease and end-stage renal disease - both which kill quickly - are allowed onto Medicare right away." "With Washington focused on changing the health care system, this might seem like a moment to address the waiting list. There are nearly 2 million people on the list, but with Medicare"s costs already soaring, most current proposals to fix health care only partially address people on the waiting list. It"s expensive to get them off - about $8 billion." In the meantime, 2 million people wait on the Medicare waiting list (Shapiro, 7/6). This information was reprinted from kaiserhealthnews.org with kind permission from the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. You can view the entire Kaiser Daily Health Policy Report, search the archives and sign up for email delivery at kaiserhealthnews.org. © Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. All rights reserved.


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