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START Trial Will Show Whether Therapeutic Vaccine Stimuvax Has Potential To Extend Lung Cancer Survival Beyond Five Years

Of all cancers, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents one of the greatest unmet needs for an effective and life-prolonging treatment. The condition, which accounts for 85 per cent of all lung cancers - roughly 1.4 million worldwide each year - is rarely diagnosed at its earliest and most potentially curable stage when it is amenable to surgical resection. Most patients are diagnosed when the tumour has already advanced to stage III, where it has invaded the chest tissues or mediastinal lymph nodes and is inoperable, or to stage IV where it has spread to other organ sites. Around 30 per cent are diagnosed at stage III and 40 per cent at stage IV. Both stages carry a poor prognosis. From stage III, and following chemo and radiotherapy treatment, median survival has been at best only between 13 and 18 months.
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Certain Research Could Remain Limited Under New Stem Cell Rules, New York Times Editorial States

The "good news" about the Obama administration"s final guidelines for federally funded embryonic stem cell research is that "government money will pay for a lot more research than was possible under the Bush administration"s cramped and ideologically driven restrictions," according to a New York Times editorial. However, "some of the most promising future research could still be denied public support," the editorial continues.Under former President George W. Bush, federal funding for embryonic stem cell research was limited "to a mere 21 lines that had been derived with private money from surplus embryos at fertility clinics before mid-2001," the editorial states. The new guidelines allow scientists "to use new stem cell lines provided they come from surplus fertility embryos that were donated under strict ethical rules," according to the editorial. It adds, "Those rules stipulate that donors must be fully informed that any embryo donated for research would be destroyed in the process and that there are other choices for disposing of surplus embryos." In addition, donors must "give written consent at the time of donation, have the right to change their minds and must not receive payment for the donation or expect medical or financial benefits later," the editorial notes.The editorial continues that NIH, "[f]earing controversy, ... decided to deny support to research using lines that might eventually be created in the laboratory by "therapeutic cloning" to match specific patients with specific diseases." It adds, "Such cells could provide a valuable way to study the early stages of a disease and to derive stem cell implants that would not be rejected by a patient"s immune system." The editorial states that NIH officials argued that scientists have yet to successfully derive human embryonic stem cells from therapeutic cloning and that "there is no strong public sentiment for moving beyond the use of surplus embryos that would otherwise be discarded." The editorial concludes, "The agency will need to reconsider those judgments as science and ethical thinking evolves. For now, the administration seems determined to follow congressional and public opinion rather than lead it" (New York Times, 7/8).